WOMEN'S POLITICAL PARTICIPATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: BARRIERS, PROGRESS, AND PATHWAYS FORWARD

Abstract

Despite international efforts to enhance gender equality, women's political participation in developing countries remains disproportionately low. This paper explores the structural, cultural, economic, and institutional factors that influence women's political engagement in these contexts. Through case studies, statistical analysis, and a review of policy interventions, it assesses both barriers to and progress in women's political representation. Special attention is given to the role of quotas, civil society advocacy, and international norms in shaping outcomes. The article concludes with recommendations for fostering inclusive political systems that enable equitable participation across gender lines.