THE ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION: COSTS, BENEFITS, AND POLICY PATHWAYS

Abstract

Climate change poses a profound threat to global economic stability, public health, and environmental integrity. This paper explores the economics of climate change mitigation, focusing on the costs of action versus inaction, the role of carbon pricing, investment in renewable energy, and the distributional effects of mitigation policies. Drawing on economic models and empirical studies, the article examines how mitigation strategies can be aligned with sustainable growth. It emphasizes the importance of international cooperation, technological innovation, and policy design in reducing greenhouse gas emissions while minimizing economic disruption.