THE ROLE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: CURRENT TRENDS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS

Abstract

Biotechnology plays an instrumental role in advancing environmental sustainability by harnessing biological systems to address critical environmental challenges. This article reviews the current trends in biotechnology applications for environmental sustainability, including waste management, pollution control, and the development of sustainable biofuels. It explores emerging biotechnological innovations, such as genetically modified organisms (GMOs) for improved agricultural productivity and microorganisms engineered for bioremediation. The article also discusses the future prospects of biotechnology in combating climate change, reducing carbon footprints, and promoting ecological balance. Despite the significant progress, challenges related to policy, public perception, and ethical concerns remain. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how biotechnology can shape environmental sustainability in the coming decades.