CRISPR ETHICS AND GOVERNANCE IN DEVELOPING NATIONS: A BIOETHICAL FRAMEWORK FOR RESPONSIBLE INNOVATION

Abstract

The rapid advancement of CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technologies presents unprecedented opportunities for public health, agriculture, and biotechnology, especially in developing nations. However, these opportunities come with profound ethical, legal, and social implications. This article explores the multifaceted ethical landscape and governance challenges associated with CRISPR deployment in resource-limited settings. It emphasizes the need for context-specific regulatory frameworks that respect socio-cultural values, ensure equitable access, and prevent misuse. By evaluating current governance structures, bioethical concerns, and international collaborations, the article proposes a framework for responsible innovation tailored to the Global South, with particular focus on Pakistan.